How should divers manage their breathing to prevent fatigue during a dive?

Managing breathing during a dive is crucial for preventing fatigue and enhancing overall dive performance. The correct approach is to maintain smooth and steady breaths. This technique allows for efficient gas exchange, which is vital for sustaining energy levels while underwater. When divers breathe smoothly and steadily, they optimize their oxygen intake and carbon dioxide expulsion, which helps in minimizing stress on the body and prevents the onset of fatigue.

In contrast, short and rapid breaths can lead to overexertion, increased carbon dioxide levels retained in the body, and can also cause hyperventilation, which may result in dizziness and disorientation. Breath holding can be risky as it can lead to oxygen depletion, potentially causing fainting or shallow water blackout. Exhaling only through the nose doesn't necessarily contribute to fatigue management and may lead to uncomfortable pressure changes and difficulty in maintaining a comfortable breathing pattern.

Thus, the use of smooth and steady breaths is the most effective method for divers to maintain their stamina and ensure a safe and enjoyable diving experience.